lemonde.fr
HTTPS & TLS
94/100A- TLS versionTLS 1.22/4
Negotiates TLS 1.2 at best; TLS 1.3 is faster and drops old ciphers.
- HTTPS certificateGlobalSign nv-sa10/10
HTTPS with a valid certificate from GlobalSign nv-sa.
- Certificate expiry594/4
The certificate is valid for another 59 days.
- Old protocols3/3
Refuses the retired TLS 1.0 and 1.1.
- Key strengthRSA 20482/2
A strong key: RSA 2048.
- HTTP → HTTPS3013/3
http:// redirects straight to https://.
- HSTS1 year4/4
HSTS tells browsers to use HTTPS only, for 1 year.
- HTTP/2 and HTTP/3HTTP/22/2
HTTP/2.
DNS
64/100D- DNSSEC0/3
Not signed with DNSSEC: a forged DNS answer for the domain cannot be told from the real one.
- CAA records0/2
No CAA records: any certificate authority may issue certificates for the domain.
- Name servers44/4
4 name servers for the domain.
- Name servers answer4/45/5
Every name server answers for the domain, with the same version of the zone.
- MTA-STS0/2
No MTA-STS: mail to the domain can be read in transit by stripping its encryption.
- TLS reporting0/0.5
No TLS reporting: failed encrypted deliveries go unnoticed.
- SPF-all5/5
SPF lists the servers allowed to send its mail and rejects the rest (-all).
- DMARCquarantine5/7
DMARC sends mail that fakes the domain to spam (p=quarantine).
- DKIMgoogle2/2
A DKIM key is published (selector google), so its mail can be signed.
Web & network
69/100C- Referrer-Policy0/0.5
No Referrer-Policy of its own (browsers' default applies).
- Permissions-Policy0/0.5
No Permissions-Policy: embedded content may ask for camera, microphone or location.
- IPv60/4
www.lemonde.fr has no IPv6 address: IPv6-only networks reach it only through translation.
- Content Security Policy3/3
A Content Security Policy limits which scripts the pages run.
- X-Content-Type-Options2/2
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff stops browsers guessing file types.
- Framing2/2
Other sites cannot frame its pages (clickjacking protection).
- RPKIvalid4/4
The route to the website is RPKI-valid: networks can reject hijacked announcements of it.
Dependencies
60/100D- DNS providersGoogle Cloud DNS3/5
All DNS is with one provider (Google Cloud DNS): an outage there takes the domain offline, as Dyn's did in 2016.
- One company for everythingGoogle Cloud DNS: DNS, email3/5
Google Cloud DNS runs both the DNS and the email: one outage there takes both down.
Who runs it
- Website
- Fastly
- Google Workspace
Routes
- 199.232.40.0/22AS54113RPKI valid
Name servers
- ns-cloud-b1.googledomains.comGoogle Cloud DNSAS15169
- ns-cloud-b2.googledomains.comGoogle Cloud DNSAS15169
- ns-cloud-b3.googledomains.comGoogle Cloud DNSAS15169
- ns-cloud-b4.googledomains.comGoogle Cloud DNSAS15169
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What is graded
A valid certificate (an invalid one means F), its expiry against its lifetime, TLS 1.3, no TLS 1.0/1.1 (else at most B), http:// sent straight to https://, HSTS, HTTP/2.
At least two name servers that all answer and agree, DNSSEC, CAA records, and a registration that is not about to expire.
SPF, a DMARC policy that rejects forgeries (none means at most B), MTA-STS and TLS reporting for domains that take mail, DKIM at common selectors.
Content Security Policy, nosniff, framing protection, Referrer- and Permissions-Policy, IPv6, and an RPKI-valid route (invalid means at most C).
DNS from more than one provider, and the website, DNS and email not all with one company.
A+ 95–100 · A 85–94 · B 75–84 · C 65–74 · D 50–64 · F below 50