Infrastructure report cardTop 1K site

microsoft.com

77 out of 10017 passed9 to improve

Checked yesterday· Grading…

HTTPS & TLSA

Certificate, protocol, redirect, HSTS88

DNSB

Name servers, DNSSEC, CAA, registration79

EmailA⁺

SPF, DMARC, MTA-STS, DKIM100

Web & networkD

Security headers, IPv6, RPKI50

DependenciesD

How much hangs on one company60

HTTPS & TLS

88/100A

HSTS0/4
No HSTS: a visitor's first request can be downgraded to plain HTTP.
HTTPS certificateMicrosoft Corporation10/10
HTTPS with a valid certificate from Microsoft Corporation.
Certificate expiry954/4
The certificate is valid for another 95 days.
TLS versionTLS 1.34/4
Negotiates TLS 1.3, the current protocol: faster handshakes, forward secrecy always.
Old protocols3/3
Refuses the retired TLS 1.0 and 1.1.
Key strengthRSA 20482/2
A strong key: RSA 2048.
HTTP → HTTPS3073/3
http:// redirects straight to https://.
HTTP/2 and HTTP/3HTTP/22/2
HTTP/2.

DNS

79/100B

DNSSEC0/3
Not signed with DNSSEC: a forged DNS answer for the domain cannot be told from the real one.
Name servers44/4
4 name servers for the domain.
Name servers answer4/45/5
Every name server answers for the domain, with the same version of the zone.
CAA records2/2
CAA records name the authorities allowed to issue its certificates.

Email

100/100A⁺

SPF-all5/5
SPF lists the servers allowed to send its mail and rejects the rest (-all).
DMARCreject7/7
DMARC tells receivers to reject mail that fakes the domain (p=reject).
MTA-STSenforce2/2
MTA-STS makes senders deliver mail to it only over verified TLS.
TLS reporting0.5/0.5
TLS reporting: senders report failed encrypted deliveries.
DKIMselector22/2
A DKIM key is published (selector selector2), so its mail can be signed.

Web & network

50/100D

Content Security Policy0/3
No Content Security Policy: an injected script runs with the page's full rights.
X-Content-Type-Options0/2
No X-Content-Type-Options: browsers may run an upload as a script.
Framing0/2
Any site can show its pages in a frame, which enables clickjacking.
Referrer-Policy0/0.5
No Referrer-Policy of its own (browsers' default applies).
Permissions-Policy0/0.5
No Permissions-Policy: embedded content may ask for camera, microphone or location.
IPv64/4
www.microsoft.com is reachable over IPv6 as well as IPv4.
RPKIvalid4/4
The route to the website is RPKI-valid: networks can reject hijacked announcements of it.

Dependencies

60/100D

DNS providersAzure DNS3/5
All DNS is with one provider (Azure DNS): an outage there takes the domain offline, as Dyn's did in 2016.
One company for everythingAzure DNS: DNS, email3/5
Azure DNS runs both the DNS and the email: one outage there takes both down.

Who runs it

Website: Akamai
DNS: Azure DNS
Email: Microsoft 365

Routes

23.12.156.0/22AS16625RPKI valid
2a02:26f0:3780::/48AS20940RPKI valid

Name servers

ns1-39.azure-dns.comAzure DNSAS8075
ns2-39.azure-dns.netAzure DNSAS8075
ns3-39.azure-dns.orgAzure DNSAS8075
ns4-39.azure-dns.infoAzure DNSAS8075

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What is graded

HTTPS & TLS · 25%

A valid certificate (an invalid one means F), its expiry against its lifetime, TLS 1.3, no TLS 1.0/1.1 (else at most B), http:// sent straight to https://, HSTS, HTTP/2.

DNS · 20%

At least two name servers that all answer and agree, DNSSEC, CAA records, and a registration that is not about to expire.

Email · 20%

SPF, a DMARC policy that rejects forgeries (none means at most B), MTA-STS and TLS reporting for domains that take mail, DKIM at common selectors.

Web & network · 20%

Content Security Policy, nosniff, framing protection, Referrer- and Permissions-Policy, IPv6, and an RPKI-valid route (invalid means at most C).

Dependencies · 15%

DNS from more than one provider, and the website, DNS and email not all with one company.

A+ 95–100 · A 85–94 · B 75–84 · C 65–74 · D 50–64 · F below 50